Course detail
Steam Turbines
FSI-LPA Acad. year: 2027/2028 Winter semester
The course builds on and deepens knowledge of the physical phenomena and processes involved in the conversion of thermal or pressure energy into mechanical energy in thermal turbines, acquired primarily in the courses Blade Machines and Turbines and Turbocompressors. It introduces the design approach for steam turbines and their auxiliary equipment, from determining the basic parameters and selecting the overall concept to performing detailed thermodynamic calculations of individual components and determining their principal design dimensions. The design process takes into account energy-related, technical, operational, economic and environmental requirements.
Language of instruction
Czech
Number of ECTS credits
5
Supervisor
Department
Entry knowledge
Students are expected to have basic knowledge of thermomechanics and energy engineering, particularly thermodynamic properties and transformations of the working fluid and thermodynamic cycles. They are also expected to have knowledge of turbomachinery theory, the fundamental equations of flow and energy conversion in blade cascades, including velocity triangles and the basic mechanisms of losses.
Rules for evaluation and completion of the course
Credit: Credit is awarded upon active participation in tutorials and completion of assigned tasks focused on the calculation and design of a steam turbine and its individual components. Two absences from tutorials are permitted. Any additional absences must be made up by arrangement with the lecturer. Students' ability to apply the theoretical knowledge acquired to the assigned calculation tasks is assessed throughout the semester.
Examination: Obtaining credit is a prerequisite for taking the examination. The examination consists of written and oral parts. The written part assesses theoretical knowledge and the ability to solve calculation problems related to steam turbines. The oral part takes the form of a discussion on an assigned topic and assesses the student's understanding of the subject matter and ability to apply the knowledge acquired.
The final course grade is determined according to the ECTS grading scale in compliance with the BUT Study and Examination Regulations.
Aims
Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to:
- Explain the operating principles of steam turbines, their basic structural arrangements and their applications.
- Describe and evaluate the thermodynamic processes taking place in individual steam turbine stages.
- Develop a basic conceptual design of a steam turbine and its auxiliary equipment with regard to the required operating parameters.
- Perform thermodynamic calculations of the control stage, multistage section and final stage of a steam turbine.
- Determine the basic design dimensions of selected steam turbine components while taking structural and strength requirements into account.
- Assess the influence of operational, technical, economic and environmental requirements on steam turbine design.
The study programmes with the given course
Programme N-SUE-P: Computational Simulations for Sustainable Energy, Master's, compulsory-optional
Programme N-ETI-P: Power and Thermo-fluid Engineering, Master's
specialization ENI: Power Engineering, compulsory
Type of course unit
Lecture
39 hours, optionally
Syllabus
1. History, classification and basic design features of steam turbines.
2. – 4. Prismatic steam turbine stages (A-wheel, C-wheel and reaction stage).
5. Final stages of steam turbines and maximum output.
6. – 7. Multistage and multi-casing steam turbines.
8. – 9. Steam turbine sealing systems and preliminary strength calculation of selected components.
10. Bearings, axial thrust compensation and lubrication systems.
11. – 13. Steam turbine design, operation, assembly and failures.
Exercise
13 hours, compulsory
Syllabus
The tutorials focus on the design of a specific steam turbine. The design work covers the turbine's inlet parameters and losses, the design of the control stage, the preliminary design of the multistage section and the final turbine stage, as well as the design of selected individual components. The calculations build on the topics covered in the lectures and focus on the practical application of the theoretical knowledge acquired.